The Guardian portable generator comes with many uses. It is very essential during a power outage to provide for your energy needs. You can go about your daily tasks and chores without much effort and restrictions. Your daily basic energy needs for cooking, laundry and heating needs are all sufficiently provided by Guardian generator.
The Guardian generator is heavy duty and can be used even on construction sites to power your equipment. It uses the OHVI engine with 3,000 hours of rated lifetime. It comes with aluminum, all-weather enclosure to protect it from corrosion and salt-air in coastal areas. The base fascia is meant to protect the generator from rodents and debris.
It is also very ideal for camping trips and family activities in far places where power source is not accessible. The OHVI industrial engine used for this generator is air-cooled and works quietly and efficiently. It has automatic idle control and maximum pressure lubrication for engine protection and fuel efficiency. It has a 10-hour extended run time at half load due to its 16-gallon fuel tank. Its fuel efficiency and durability will save you time and money.
A Guardian portable generator is powerful enough for a 5-ton air conditioning unit. It is easy to maintain with its spin-on oil filter just like in automotive. Its electric governor maintains a steady speed and prevents dropping of voltage while applying loads. This makes Guardian desirable for sensitive electronic devices like laptops and computers as it provides smooth electrical rate all throughout.
This energy backup system is also the easiest to install. It already includes a power cord, pre-wired circuit, transfer switch and a connection box for the outdoors. All you need to do is start the generator and plug in your appliances or equipment. There is no need to pull a rope to start your generator. It comes with an electric start so it is easier and more convenient. It meets all EPA and CARB emission requirements.
To ensure that you can bring your generator where you need it to be, it is designed with 13-inch, heavy duty, all-terrain tires. When camping or boating, a portable generator is a must to ensure that your energy needs are met and that you are comfortable and secured the whole time.
A 1,000 watt portable generator is good enough to supply your energy needs for your recreational activities. You may also use an 8,000 watt generator to power the tools in your construction site. Since you plug the appliances directly into the generator, you must ensure that the model you choose has all the outlet types that you need. If you want it to run longer without refilling fuel, choose the model with a larger fuel tank.
The smallest portable generator is as light as 50 pounds and can be carried by hand. If you choose a bigger model, consider the wheels and make sure it can withstand all terrains for easy transportation. The Guardian portable generator provides you the energy when you need it, wherever you need it.
ScienceDaily (Sep. 28, 2012) ? Knowing how tumors evolve can lead to new treatments that could help prevent cancer from recurring, according to a study published September 29 by the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) and Scottsdale Healthcare.
TGen researchers tracked several years of tumor evolution in a 47-year-old male patient with maxillary sinus carcinoma (MSC), a rare cancer of the sinus cavities beneath the cheeks that often requires surgical removal that is disfiguring. Fewer than half of MSC patients live more than 5 years after diagnosis.
"The ability to characterize clonal evolution of this rare cancer and identify its Achilles' heel can significantly impact treatment, leading to more personalized medicine," according to the study published in the journal PLOS ONE.
Clonal evolution refers to the often-rapid genetic changes that occur in cancer cells, which continually mutate and, thus, frequently resist anti-cancer drug compounds intended to destroy them.
"If we can understand the genomic basis of how this cancer evolves, perhaps we can find new treatments that could help improve the longevity and quality of life for patients," said Dr. Glen Weiss, Clinical Associate Professor at TGen, and Director of Thoracic Oncology at Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials at Scottsdale Healthcare, a partnership with TGen. Dr. Weiss is one of the study's senior co-authors.
MSC represents nearly four of every five cases of paranasal sinus cancers, which grow rapidly and invade nearby tissues but also are usually slow to spread to distant sites. Patients usually die from a local recurrence of the tumor, even after aggressive treatment.
"This is the first report to study the clonal population of MSC arising in longitudinal samples from the same patient," the study said. "One of the aims of this study was to closely follow disease progression and the clonally evolving metastases for molecular profiling and accumulation of data for future use in development of personalized treatment."
The patient in the study received conventional treatment, which included surgical removal of his tumors, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and participation in a clinical trial.
Over time, however, the cancer spread to his upper right lung, lower left lung, left kidney, brain and part of his intestine. He eventually was hospitalized, received hospice care and prior to passing away gave permission to have his cancer studied after death in a rapid autopsy research program.
"Because his cancer resumed growth despite several courses of systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy, we speculated that acquired secondary genetic changes evolved with the evolution of resistance to these therapies," said Dr. Michael Barrett, Associate Professor in TGen's Clinical Translational Research Division, and the study's other senior co-author.
Analysis of his tumors following surgeries, biopsies and autopsy revealed several genetic aberrations, including multiple copies of a region on chromosome 4q, which includes the KIT gene. KIT is an oncogene, a gene with the potential to cause cancer, and is a potential treatment target.
The authors suggest the results provide a unique description of how the drug resistant cancer cells replicate and progress to metastatic MSC. Additional findings included the loss of the gene PKP4, which is associated with increased tumor size.
"These results show that molecular analyses of patient samples can add to the information about the tumor and help us in tracking back the progression of the disease," the authors concluded. "Identification of selected genetic changes, and the biological processes they regulate arising in primary MSC tumors, will advance individualizing therapy and improve the outcome of patients with rare cancers."
"These kinds of cutting-edge studies are made possible through the collaboration of major research and clinical practices, such as the partnership between TGen and Scottsdale Healthcare," said Dr. Mark Slater, Vice President of Research at Scottsdale Healthcare.
The authors remain particularly grateful to the patient and his family for their contribution to understanding more about this type of cancer and hope this dissemination of knowledge may help others.
Scottsdale Healthcare, Scottsdale Medical Imaging, and Sun Health Research Institute at Banner Healthcare contributed to this study, which was funded by the IBIS Foundation of Arizona and by the Scottsdale Healthcare Foundation.
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Journal Reference:
Arora S, Korn RL, Lenkiewicz E, Cherni I, Beach TG, et al. Clonal Evolution of a Case of Treatment Refractory Maxillary Sinus Carcinoma. PLoS ONE, 2012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045614
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Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
As another dog owner mourns the death of his pet after a?flight, there?s growing concern about the safety of beloved furry companions in?the cargo holds of commercial airlines.
?We all think it?s kind of like us, you get on your plane?and everything is nice and they?re our pets, so they must be taking care of them?too,? said Michael Jarboe, whose dog Bam Bam died after a United Airlines flight?last month.
?But what I found out is, when you check your pet, you run?the exact same risk of them not showing up as you do with your luggage. That?s?kind of sobering.?
Jarboe is sharing his story just days after model Maggie?Rizer said the negligence of United resulted in the death of her two-year-old?golden retriever Bea.
United?expressed condolences in both cases.
?We have?been in contact with Mr. Jarboe and are saddened by the loss of his dog, Bam?Bam. The safety of the animals we transport is always considered first and?foremost when making decisions regarding their routing and carriage,? United?said in a statement to NBC News.
Jarboe and his partner flew from Miami to San Francisco with?Bam?Bam on Aug. 28. The two-and-a-half-year-old Neopolitan Mastiff had flown?four times before ? twice on United ? without any problems, Jarboe said.
There were direct connections available on other airlines,?but Jarboe booked a United flight with a layover in Houston specifically?because he was impressed with the carrier?s PetSafe program.
The service promises plane compartments that are pressurized?in the same way as passenger cabins, climate-controlled facilities and??personal handling in climate-controlled vehicles? for connections in United's?hubs, if the animal is exposed to temperatures greater than 85?F for more than?45 minutes.
?I had such trust in United and everything that they?promised me,? Jarboe, who lives in Miami Beach, Fla., told NBC News.?Bam Bam?s?transport cost $650 each way.
It was 95 degrees when the plane landed in Houston, Jarboe?said. After a layover of about three hours, he and his partner boarded and looked?for the air-conditioned van that they thought would bring their dog, but Bam?Bam arrived instead in a regular metal boxed luggage cart, Jarboe said.
?We had a direct shot, I could see right inside his kennel?and I have never seen him that hot ? ever,? Jarboe recalled. ?His tongue was?hanging out so far, it couldn't have hung out any farther, he just looked?awful. I kept thinking, why is he not on a van??
When they arrived in San Francisco, they were told the dog?didn?t make it, Jarboe recalled. The cause of death was acute cardiovascular?collapse, according to a letter sent to Jarboe by United, which paid for the?dog?s?necropsy.
?The untimely death of Bam Bam was not a result of transit-related handling,? the airline said in the letter signed by Cheryl Ortiz,?United?s cargo claims manager. Writing back to United, Jarboe called the?finding ?naive and absurd? and said Bam Bam?s vet described what Jarboe?witnessed in Houston as a ?recipe for a heat stroke.?
When asked why a climate-controlled vehicle wasn?t used to?transport the dog, United would only say that it brought Bam Bam to a holding?area for greater comfort?during his connection. The holding facilities are USDA Animal?Welfare-approved and provide ample room and air ventilation, as well as regular?monitoring and watering provided by trained PetSafe personnel, United said.
The airline has refunded the dog?s transport fare and is?working with Jarboe on additional compensation.
If you?re a pet owner, you should know that The?Humane Society of the United States recommends that you do not transport yourpet by air unless absolutely necessary.?
Excessively hot or cold temperatures, poor ventilation,scarcity of oxygen, and rough handling all contribute to animal deaths, the?group says on its website.
Between?January 2012 and July 2012, 17 pets died and another 17 were injured on?commercial airlines, according to reports issued by the U.S. Department of?Transportation.
In?2011, 35 pets died while flying, but only two of those losses were suffered on?United, which had the lowest number of animal deaths that year.
The DOT is now considering a new rule that would expand how airlines report the number of animals that were lost, injured, or died during air transport.
In the meantime, Jarboe is mourning the loss of Bam Bam.
?It never occurred to me that when he was down in the hold he was dying,? he said.
Oct. 5?6: ?Tennis for the Ta Tas? at Country Club of Culpeper. A 24-hour event to benefit Breast Cancer Awareness Month. Contests, clinics and competition. Minimum donation $20. Information: Ernie Locsin (540/222-1667) or Ken West (434/258-5994).
Oct. 6: Stonewall Jackson 20-mile run, 7:15 a.m. Cost: $55 ($65 on race day). Information: Contact Pam Hudgins 540/507-7532 or Rick Hamm 540/507-7533 or visit spotsylvania.va.us/parksandrec.
Oct. 7: Moss Free Clinic 5K, 8:30 a.m. at Moss Free Clinic, 1301 Sam Perry Boulevard in Fredericksburg. Cost: $30. Children under 14 free with registered adult. Team discounts available. Register at racetimingunlimited.org.
Oct. 13: Dean Ridings Memorial 5K, 8:30 a.m. at Spotsylvania Sheriff?s Office, 9119 Dean Ridings Lane. Cost: $20 ($25 after Oct. 9). Information: 804/726-3023 or 540/507-7107.
Oct. 14: King George Fall Festival 5K, 8 a.m. at King George YMCA. Cost: $15 ($20 after Oct. 3), $10 for kids? fun run. Register online at racetimingunlimited.org.
Oct. 21: 10K Run Through History, 8 a.m. at Spotsylvania Courthouse Village Pavilion. Cost: $30 ($35 after Sept. 30, $40 after Oct. 19). FARC members get $5 discount. Register at racetimingunlimited .org.
Oct. 28: Wild Mile, 9 a.m. at C&F Mortgage Corporation on Gordon Shelton Boulevard. Costumed race. Cost: $10 for FARC members,$12 for others ($15 after Oct. 1). Register at racetimingunlimited.org.
Oct. 28: Fredericksburg Area Lacrosse will hold tryouts for girls in grades 8?11 who are interested in playing at the World Cup tournament in Canada. For details contact fagirlslax@yahoo.com
Send recreation calendar items to sports@freelancestar.com.
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PARIS (AP) ? The French government presented a budget Friday that was heavy on taxes ? including a controversial 75 percent income rate on high earners ? but which critics said lacked fundamental reforms that could jumpstart economic growth.
President Francois Hollande's cabinet defended the spending plan for next year, calling it a "fighting budget" that would win the "battle" against joblessness and help growth.
Like many European countries, France must tread a fine line between cutting the debts that dragged them into the current financial crisis and investing in the economy to spur growth.
The French economy, the second largest among the 17 countries that use the euro, has not grown for three straight quarters, the national statistics agency confirmed Friday. Unemployment has been on the rise for more than a year and stands at 10.2 percent.
Economists warn, however, that things could get much worse in France if it doesn't get serious about slashing state spending and reforming stringent labor laws.
"This is a serious budget, it's a leftist budget and it's fighting budget," Finance Minister Pierre Moscovici told French radio station Europe-1 Friday morning.
Because Hollande promised that he would slash the country's deficit to 3 percent next year ? a limit required by European rules ? the government must find ?30 billion in savings. One-third will come in spending cuts, with the rest in new or higher taxes on the wealthy and big companies, including a 75 percent tax on incomes over ?1 million.
Among the other measures included are: a new income tax level at 45 percent for those making more than ?150,000, an increase of capital gains taxes to bring them more in line with how salaries are taxed, and a cap on certain deductions for large companies on their income taxes.
The 75 percent tax will last for two years and has always been billed as a symbolic measure since it will bring in very little revenue. Several businessmen and politicians in the opposition have said that's exactly what's wrong with the 2013 budget: It sends the message that France doesn't like the rich and isn't open for business.
"France is sick from a model that isn't viable," said Guillaume Carou, CEO of Didaxis and president of the Club of Entrepreneurs, which represents 15,000 small businesses. "But (the government has) chosen to keep it, that's what the 2013 budget reveals."
Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault rejected that characterization, however, insisting that the budget would win the battle against unemployment.
"It's a budget that aims to inspire confidence and to break the debt spiral that keeps growing and growing," he said after the budget was presented to the Cabinet.
The budget is built around an expectation of 0.8 percent growth for next year. If growth misses the projections, more cuts could be needed later.
Moscovici conceded that most economists predict the French economy will grow just 0.5 percent, but said that if the European debt crisis stabilizes, France would meet its targets.
Peter Molyneux criticises publishers for over-reliance on console cycle
The British game design legend Peter Molyneux blames the reliance of publishers on console cycle for the lack of intellectual properties (IP) in the market.
Both Sony and Microsoft are being strongly criticised for extending the life-cycle of their current-generation consoles as many analysts believe that the high-end consoles are long overdue.
There is hardly any doubt that the existing hardware is close to the tail-end of its life and it would not be long before they are replaced with a more powerful hardware.
The publishers realise this and are therefore reluctant to invest in new IPs, choosing to instead wait for the new systems to arrive in the market.
Molyneux is not happy to see the publishers adopting this cautious attitude and criticised them for being so dependent on the life-cycle of consoles.
?Two years ago, developers were going to publishers and saying we'd like to do this [new IP], and the publishers were saying, 'It's too late in the generation now.' The first time I heard that was about four years ago - it's ridiculous,? stated the 22-Cans
co-founder.
He asserted that the lack of fresh experience on offer in the market is taking its toll on the gaming industry, making its future pretty uncertain.
According to him, the entire console gaming was in danger because of this attitude as the gamers are beginning to move on to alternative platforms to satisfy their desire for a fresh experience instead of settling for the horde of sequels that are being
thrown at them.
Molyneux further went on to point out that the small technology iteration of platforms such as iPad gave it a huge advantage over consoles as the hardware improves every six months, becoming more powerful and making way for newer and better games.
He believes that if things continue to move on like this, then it would not be long before the alternative platforms become as powerful as the consoles, or maybe even better than their competitors.
?If we're not careful - and in fact this is highly probable - by the time that this generation finally comes out, which will probably be in about 14 months time, this little puppy might well be more powerful than the new consoles,? said Molyneux.
While both Sony and Microsoft seem more than happy to remain focused on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 respectively, Nintendo is all set to move into the next-generation space with Wii U, which is scheduled to hit the North American region on November 18.
Written by Karen Mahoney, Special to your Catholic Herald Thursday, 27 September 2012 10:08
When doctors told Lynn Steinle she had stage four lung cancer, she decided to spend the remaining time doing stuff she wanted to do. A photograph of Lynn Steinle, who died from cancer on New Year?s Day in 2011, is displayed in her family?s remodeled kitchen in Elm Grove on Thursday, Sept. 20. In spite of the cancer diagnosis, Steinle went ahead with a kitchen remodeling project, hoping that it would be featured in the Kitchens for a Cause Walk. (Catholic Herald photo by Ricardo Torres).
Unlike many people, she did not quit her job, travel to Europe or take a cruise. Rather, she did what she always did; she worked long hours as founder and co-owner of Strategic Employee Benefits Services, associated with Northwestern Mutual Financial Network, took care of her family, volunteered at her parish, St. Mary Visitation in Elm Grove, and crafted handmade soap for friends and family.
If that were not enough, despite surgery to remove one of her lungs, she embarked on a massive project to remodel her kitchen; and she did it with such gusto, that it seems to be a personal legacy, left behind for her husband Tim, and children Jacob, 26, Daniel, 25, and Abigail, 22, to enjoy.
The kitchen remodeling was one of the final touches on the renovation of their 1930s Tudor-style home; the couple had already renovated the upstairs, including bathrooms. After five years of discussing what they wanted in a kitchen, Lynn and Tim were to sign papers on Dec. 1, 2008 with Design Group Three as the architectural design firm, but instead of celebrating the beginning of the project, they were devastated with the cancer diagnosis.
If you want to go
Kitchens for a Cause Kitchen Walk Saturday, Sept. 29, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Park at Elm Grove Women?s Club 13885 Watertown Plank Road A shuttle bus, provided by Pius XI High School, will run the route all day. The homes are all located off Circle Drive and the tour can easily be walked.
Tickets $25 in advance, $30 day of event Tickets available at Grasch Foods 13950 North Ave., Brookfield St. Mary Visitation Parish Office 1260 Church St., Elm Grove or kitchensforacause@gmail.com
?I hated to tell her, but we just had to put the project on hold and she agreed,? explained Tim. ?She was just 53 years of age and it was such an (expletive) diagnosis.?
Ready to revisit project
Not long after the grim news, one of Lynn?s lungs was surgically removed and by summer of 2009, she was ready to revisit the remodeling project.
?She came up to me one day that summer and told me, ?I don?t know what the Lord has in store for me, but I want my kitchen done,?? recalled Tim, a Milwaukee attorney. ?I told her, ?Sweetie, I think this is a big problem; you had your lung removed and with the dust and everything associated with this project, I just don?t think it is a good idea.??
Despite his objections, Lynn?s fervent desire to complete the project won out. For months, the couple lived behind plastic curtains and cooked out of the toaster oven and microwave.
?It was important to her to have a kitchen that she could entertain in,? said Tim. ?We both love to cook. Lynn was a career woman and was very successful in her own business. We were both involved in raising our three kids, who are all adults now and we shared in the family cooking. Lynn really enjoyed the holidays and having people over for Thanksgiving and Christmas. In all those years, our house was filled with family, and every time we had a party, everyone naturally gathered in the kitchen. With a tiny galley kitchen, it wasn?t conducive for entertaining, and Lynn wanted a kitchen where everyone could gather together.?
While it was difficult living among dust, plastic and construction noise for the nine-month project, Tim admitted he would do it again to make her happy. To her, the project seemed cathartic, a glimpse of the lives that would continue, no matter her personal outcome.
The project was completed by spring of 2010 and included removing walls, adding a large island equipped with electrical outlets to accommodate Tim?s computer and a 42-inch wall mounted TV.
?The kitchen is bright and beautiful, it has her all over it, and we had fun picking out a lot of it together,? said Tim. ?She got to enjoy the kitchen through the summer and fall and then died on New Year?s Day, 2011, just two days before our 30th wedding anniversary.?
Shared time, talents with many
For 26 years, Lynn was involved with philanthropic efforts in Milwaukee, and the Elm Grove community, including the Christian Women?s Society of St. Mary Visitation Parish. She wanted to feature her newly remodeled kitchen on the first Kitchens for a Cause Kitchen Walk in May 2011, according to Lynne Miller, member of the Kitchens for a Cause Committee, but it was completed too late to include it in the spring tour.
?This year we are honored to showcase her home on our tour,? Miller said. ?Not only was Lynn an avid member of the Christian Women?s Society, she volunteered at all of our parish functions, and shared her time and talents with Marquette University High School and Pius XI High School. She taught us all many lessons on living life to the fullest and she is greatly missed.?
Proceeds to benefit Jesuit Nativity School
The Steinle home will be one of nine homes with newly remodeled kitchens included on the walking tour, which will raise funds for new refrigeration equipment at Jesuit Nativity Middle School?s Camp Thunderhead.The Steinle family?s kitchen in Elm Grove will be one of nine featured in the Kitchens for the Cause Kitchen Walk on Saturday, Sept. 29. Lynn Steinle died New Year?s Day in 2011, before it could be featured in the inaugural Kitchen Walk in spring. (Catholic Herald photo by Ricardo Torres)
Tim asked that this year?s efforts benefit Nativity, as the school is the male counterpart to the all-girls Notre Dame Middle School. The school system is one that he and his wife have supported.
Nativity, an independent Catholic middle school, was founded in 1993 to serve low-income Hispanic boys in grades six through eight. Since the school?s inception, Nativity has graduated 256 boys, most of whom have gone on to attend private college preparatory high schools, and 75 percent of graduates continue on to post secondary education.
Each summer, Nativity students spend five weeks at Camp Thunderhead, a residential summer camp in northern Wisconsin. While there, the boys build on their academic skills while enjoying outdoor sports and camaraderie. The camp?s kitchen needs modern commercial refrigeration equipment and proceeds from the walk will help the school purchase it.
?When Jean Kelly, (co-president of Milwaukee Archdiocesan Council of Christian Women) came to me and told me about the kitchen walk and how all the proceeds go to some form of education and asked if I would open my kitchen to the tour, and that they wanted to honor her, it was easy to say yes,? said Tim. ?These beautiful ladies do all the work of the open house, and my daughter, Abby, will be coming home and Lynne?s sister, Sherry, will be involved as well.?
Last year 150 guests raised $15,000 in the Kitchens for a Cause tour to update the kitchen of Notre Dame Middle School and this year, the Christian Women?s Society hopes to double the number of visitors.
Tour features unique kitchens
?This year we have a very unique group of nine homes,? said Miller. ?In addition to our host home, we have a 1920s Tudor designed by Eschweiler featured across the street from a very ultra modern design nestled between two wooded glacial kettles, a 1937 Cape Cod home that was originally a goat farm, a fairy tale ?Hansel and Gretel? cottage style home built in the 1930s, designed by architect R. Harold Zook, and a one story ranch that was completely overhauled to produce a spectacular two-story masterpiece. There are large kitchens that spill into beautiful family rooms, as well as smaller kitchens that maximize the space with their unique designs and appliance placement.?
Although Lynn will not be physically part of the tour, Miller said she would have been the first in line to purchase a ticket, and would have talked a dozen friends into attending as well.
?She was so generous with her time and talent, supporting charitable causes with beautiful raffle baskets, working the events and promoting the cause,? said Miller. ?Her strong Catholic faith led her to volunteer for many groups at St. Mary Visitation. She lived her faith in both her words and her actions, always helping others in our local community and the surrounding areas.?
Excited to share her sister?s legacy and vision, Sherry Dieringer-Wahlberg and the couple?s daughter, Abby, will welcome visitors to the Steinle kitchen.
?Abby will continue with one of Lynn?s traditions of soap making,? said Wahlberg.
Despite cancer, she remained faith-filled
Wahlberg is eager to share stories of her sister to inquiring visitors, giving them a rare glimpse into Lynn?s life, her home, her selfless actions, strong faith and desire to leave the world a better place.
?She worked very hard, made a lot of money and gave a lot of money away,? said Wahlberg. ?She was very dedicated to underprivileged kids and wanting those kids to get a religious connection.?
Despite her cancer diagnosis, Lynn never wavered from her faith, nor complained to others about her pain.
?She was incredible and always downplayed the pain she was in,? said Wahlberg. ?You could see it in her face and in her movements, yet she always said she was fine. She was an example for anyone on how to handle a disease ? she was just incredible all the way to the end. She loved her job so much, and Tim would have loved for her to stop working, go to Ireland and travel, but her passion was her job. She worked up to three weeks before she died. It was important for her to get dressed and go into the office so people cold see she was still functional.?
Tim agreed, and added that the suffering seemed to make his wife stronger, and remembers her telling him that it was better she died than someone else. For him, while he admits his faith isn?t shaken, he does have questions.
?I do have questions about why things happen, and philosophically, some questions,? he disclosed.
In the days and weeks after Lynn died, Tim remembers wanting to close his doors and stay in bed; but because of his three children, who were also grieving the loss of their mother, he knew that he had to continue as an example to them.
?I stay active, continue living and working and doing what I did before,? he said. ?I am an outdoorsman and enjoying hunting, fishing and going to my summer home with my kids. I try to stay busy, but I tell you, I live alone now, and evenings are a very lonely time for me. I am happy to be part of this cause and think what they are doing is magnificent. I am honored by whatever they do and while I don?t understand things in this life ? I do know that I will see her someday.?
ScienceDaily (Sep. 26, 2012) ? The benefits and cost effectiveness of helicopter transport for severely injured patients is of continued debate. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal Critical Care shows that for severe blunt trauma, patients transported by helicopter had a lower risk of death, compared to those transported by road.
In a multi-centre study, based in university hospitals across France, researchers compared initial patient status at the scene of the accident, with time taken to get to hospital, type of treatment received pre-admission, and to health at discharge, or after 30 days.
At first there seemed to be no difference in mortality between those transported by helicopter and those by road, however once the data had been adjusted for severity of injury the results became clear. Patients transported by helicopter stood a better chance of survival than those transported by road.
Dr Thibaut Desmettre, who led this study, explained, "Transporting very ill patients is a balancing act. Overall it took longer for patients transported by helicopter to reach hospital and they tended to need more emergency care once admitted. On the other hand these patients were more intensively treated at the scene and en route than those transported by road-ambulance crews -- which might go some way towards explaining their improved chances of survival."
However the benefit seen could not all be attributed to the more aggressive therapy they received before, or after, they arrived at hospital. Dr Desmettre continued, "We were unable to measure the distance the patients travelled, nor where their accident occurred -- some accidents occur in places where road access is too difficult -- and what impact this had on severity of injury or choice of sending a helicopter crew." Helicopters are a costly and limited resource and unfortunately the benefit to patients has to evaluated in this light. However, for these patients, with the most severe injuries, transport by helicopter saves lives.
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Journal Reference:
Thibaut Desmettre, Jean-Michel Yeguiayan, Herv? Coadou, Claude Jacquot, Mathieu Raux, Benoit Vivien, Claude Martin, Claire Bonithon-Kopp, Marc Freysz and French Intensive care Recorded in Severe Trauma. Impact of emergency medical helicopter transport directly to a university hospital trauma center on mortality of severe blunt trauma patients until discharge. Critical Care, (in press) [link]
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
KABUL (Reuters) - Afghan officials are battling to convince nervous Chinese investors to restart work at a landmark $3 billion mine project and not to worry unduly about insurgent rocket attacks to salvage one of the country's big hopes of economic independence.
Western donors have focused on Aynak, the largest foreign investment project in its history which could help the country, now reliant on development aid, find its feet after most foreign combat troops leave in 2014.
But the giant Aynak copper deposit, among the world's largest, is situated in Logar province, one of the country's most dangerous, southeast of Kabul and insurgents aiming to wreck the government's flagship project have stepped up attacks.
After decades of war, many Afghans are resigned to the daily threat of roadside bombs and crossfire between NATO and insurgents. Civilian casualties hit a three-year high in August.
Most Chinese staff at the site, however, appear to have been spooked by Taliban attacks and left the country, with only a skeleton crew remaining to watch over equipment.
Afghan officials point out that the insurgents have not yet killed any Chinese workers.
"We had meetings with them (the Chinese investors) and assured them these rocket attacks happen anywhere and they are not the direct targets. We had repeatedly meetings with them but could not make them confident," Sardar Mohammad Sultani, acting deputy Minister of the Interior, told Reuters in his office.
"They left before any harm (was done to them). This was their own idea... It's up to them if want to return or not," said Sultani, in charge of the security force protecting the mine.
A spokesman for the consortium running Aynak, China Metallurgical Group (MCC) and Jiangxi Copper , confirmed some workers had been sent home indefinitely. It said unspecified "conditions" promised by the Afghan government in their contract had not been met.
He declined to link their departure to attacks, but said the government was working to improve security as the Afghan-NATO coalition targets insurgent strongholds in the east.
"The timing of those workers returning to Afghanistan will depend on conditions," the MCC spokesman told Reuters.
The project has been underway since 2007, with the Chinese companies overseeing the project about to start the final stage of construction, expected to take at least three years.
Even if work resumed tomorrow, it would be almost 2016 before any copper is extracted. Once fully operational, the mine could generate annual income of close to half a billion dollars, based on current copper prices.
International aid is already expected to fall short of the $6 billion a year required to promote economic growth, and a further $4.1 billion a year needed to secure pay the bill for the 350,000-strong security forces as NATO draws down.
So far, $4 billion a year through to 2015 has been promised.
TALIBAN THREAT
The Taliban say blocking the Aynak project has become one of their priorities, even as NATO claims a nine percent reduction in militant attacks.
"All government offices are corrupt and we don't believe that the money will benefit our nation, but will all be looted," Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said by telephone.
"If they (the Chinese operators) get permission from us, their lives may be spared," he said, although the Taliban frequently exaggerate their reach and abilities.
The government-run Afghan force created this year to protect oil and mining assets -- when President Hamid Karzai banned private security firms -- is having difficulty protecting Aynak.
Despite increasing to more than 2,000 the number of security personnel at the site and installing extra checkpoints and wider security perimeters, rockets attacks have continued.
Afghan officials say they are doing all they can.
"We launched many operations. We detained a number of insurgents and killed a lot more. But our efforts haven't reached any conclusion," deputy minister Sultani said.
In a rare visit to Kabul this month by a top Chinese leader, bilateral deals on security were signed, including an agreement for police to be trained, funded and equipped with help from Beijing.
The government did not say whether the Chinese program was aimed at boosting security around China's oil and mining assets.
"This problem (insurgent attacks) exists all over the country. We are trying our best to clean the Aynak copper area from insurgents," Sultani added.
The threat is so severe that villages have warned the Afghan rights and anti-corruption monitor Integrity Watch Afghanistan (IWA) to stay away as they can no longer guarantee their safety.
IWA reported there are four armed groups operating in the Aynak area, some aiming to stop the project.
And the attacks are becoming more deadly. At the start of September, an assault on the protection unit killed 15 Afghan policemen, spreading fear among local and visiting workers.
"There are new groups who are more brutal and make it difficult for us to go. There is one new group in particular that is quite opposed to the development of the mine," said the IWA's mining expert Javed Noorani.
Noorani said that most Chinese workers had been repatriated.
CHINESE SLUMP
Safety may not be the only reason.
Beijing officials may intend to delay the project amid China's worst economic slowdown in years, which has caused global copper prices to tumble and hit Aynak's investors hard.
Metallurgical Corp of China, which has a majority share in the mine, swung into the red in first six months of 2012. Net losses stood at 186.13 million yuan ($29 million), compared to net profits of 1,969.03 million yuan in the first half of 2011.
Jiangxi Copper performed slightly better, but profits in the first half of 2012 slid by 38 percent, compared to a 12 percent decline in global copper prices over the past year.
Social, environmental and economic concerns linked to the development of the mine also remain, Noorani added, including disruptions to water supply and displacement of villagers.
Some officials at the Ministry of Mines say China may be waiting for new mining laws to be passed by parliament to renegotiate the terms of the deal.
Proposals to draft new legislation have been backed by Western donors and the World Bank. But some cabinet members blocked proposed legislation in July, saying it failed to protect national interests from foreign exploitation.
A new proposal has been redrafted and is expected to be discussed in parliament within weeks.
Wrangling over the legislation is already holding up progress finalizing an investment deal with an India-led consortium at the Hajigak iron ore deposit in central Bamiyan province, worth up to $11 billion.
The government said last year oil and mining could contribute up $1.5 billion in revenue by 2016, but there is little prospect of achieving such figures while the legal framework is in limbo.
Ministry of Mines senior geologist and adviser Atiq Sediqi said the future of the industry depended on the legislation.
"If the mining law is not approved, no one will come to invest in the mining sector in Afghanistan and the revenue forecast by the government from the development of the country's mineral resources will become a myth," Sediqi said last week.
($=6.3459 yuan)
(Additional reporting by Polly Yam in HONG KONG; Editing by Rob Taylor and Ron Popeski)
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From March 2012: Art experts find clues that suggest "The Battle of Anghiari," a long-lost masterpiece by Leonardo da Vinci, lies underneath a fresco in Florence.
By Alan Boyle
The controversial effort to find out whether a long-lost Leonardo da Vinci masterpiece lies beneath a fresco in Florence has been suspended without resolving a mystery that some have compared to a "Da Vinci Code" riddle.
The mystery surrounds a painting known as "The Battle of Anghiari," or "Fight for the Standard," which was commissioned by city officials for a meeting hall in the Palazzo Vecchio to commemorate a Florentine military victory in 1440. Contemporary accounts indicate that Leonardo began the wall painting in 1505 ? but left it unfinished, due to problems he encountered with the experimental technique he was using to apply the paint.
Decades later, the city hall was enlarged and restructured, and in 1563 the Italian artist Giorgio Vasari painted a mural on one of the new walls. In the course of all that remodeling, Leonardo's painting disappeared. Today, it's known only from Leonardo's preparatory sketches and from copies inspired by the original.
Fast-forward to 1975: Maurizio Seracini, an Italian-born engineering professor and expert in art analysis at the University of California at San Diego, was back in his native Florence, studying Vasari's fresco. He noticed that a soldier in the fresco was waving a flag that read "Cerca Trova" (Seek and Ye Shall Find). Did this hint at the location of the lost Leonardo painting?
Over the years that followed, Seracini marshaled the expertise, technology and financial support needed to create a virtual reconstruction of the hall's layout before the remodeling took place. It looked as if there was a gap between the part of the wall where the "Cerca Trova" legend was painted and the older wall beneath. Armed with that information ? plus funding from the National Geographic Society and backing from Florence's mayor, Matteo Renzi ? Seracini won permission from Italian officials to drill six tiny holes into Vasari's wall and push camera-equipped endoscopic probes into the gap behind it.
The initial results were promising: Seracini said the team found "traces of pigments that appear to be those known to have been used exclusively by Leonardo." This March, National Geographic aired a documentary about the investigation, titled "Finding the Lost da Vinci."?Heartened by the findings, Seracini?asked for permission to conduct more sophisticated tests. The story was shaping up as a real-life "Da Vinci Code" thriller in the art world. (In fact, Seracini is mentioned in the Dan Brown novel as an art diagnostician who unveils "the unsettling truth" about a different work by Leonardo.)
Italian officials, however, were becoming increasingly unsettled about tampering with the 450-year-old Vasari mural. Some experts questioned whether there was really enough justification to go forward. "Vasari would never have covered a work by an artist he admired so much in the hope that one day someone would search and find it," Discovery News quoted Tomaso Montanari, an art historian at the University Federico II in Naples, as saying. "You would expect such a hypothesis from Dan Brown, certainly not from art historians."
In the end, cultural officials ruled that the scientists could drill one more hole for endoscopic tests, but couldn't do any further drilling after that. That meant the more sophisticated (and more intrusive) tests could not be conducted. Last month, Italian news outlets reported that the National Geographic Society was suspending the project "until further notice."?
Now Discovery News says that Florentine museum officials have given the go-ahead to fill in the six existing holes and take down the scaffolding that was used during the project. "This is how it ends," the Italian newspaper La Repubblica reported, "with strokes of stucco and paint, the search for Leonardo's mythical work."
More Leonardo da Vinci mysteries:
For more about the unsolved "Da Vinci Code" case, check out?Rossella Lorenzi's report for Discovery News.
Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the?Cosmic Log?community by "liking" the log's?Facebook page, following?@b0yle on Twitter?and adding the?Cosmic Log page?to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBCNews.com's other stories about science and space,?sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out?"The Case for Pluto,"?my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.
Cutting-edge technology makes NASA's hurricane mission a realityPublic release date: 25-Sep-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Rob Gutro robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov 443-858-1779 NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Cutting-edge NASA technology has made this year's NASA Hurricane mission a reality. NASA and other scientists are currently flying a suite of state-of-the-art, autonomously operated instruments that are gathering difficult-to-obtain measurements of wind speeds, precipitation, and cloud structures in and around tropical storms.
"Making these measurements possible is the platform on which the instruments are flying," said Paul Newman, the deputy principal investigator of NASA's Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3), managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. HS3 will use NASA's unmanned Global Hawks, which are capable of flying at altitudes greater than 60,000 feet with flight durations of up to 28 hours capabilities that increase the amount of data scientists can collect. "It's a brand-new way to do science," Newman said.
The month-long HS3 mission, which began in early September, is actually a more robust follow-on to NASA's Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes (GRIP) experiment that scientists executed in 2010. Often referred to as "GRIP on steroids," HS3 is currently deploying one instrument-laden Global Hawk from the NASA Wallops Flight Facility on Virginia's Eastern Shore to look at the environment of tropical storms. In 2013 and 2014, a second Global Hawk will be added that will focus on getting detailed measurements of the inner core of hurricanes.
Without this new aircraft, developed originally for the U.S. Air Force to gather intelligence and surveillance data, the team says the mission wouldn't be possible.
The Global Hawk's ability to fly for a much longer period of time than manned aircraft will allow it to obtain previously difficult-to-get data. Scientists hope to use that data to gain new insights into how tropical storms form, and more importantly, how they intensify into major Atlantic hurricanes information that forecasters need to make better storm predictions, save lives, and ultimately prevent costly coastal evacuations if a storm doesn't warrant them.
"Because you can get to Africa from Wallops, we'll be able to study developing systems way out into the Atlantic," Newman explained. "Normal planes, which can fly for no more than about 10 hours, often miss the points where storms intensify," added Gerry Heymsfield, a Goddard scientist who used NASA Research and Development funding to create one of the mission's six instruments, the High-altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP). "With the Global Hawks, we have a much higher chance of capturing these events. Furthermore, we can sit on targets for a long time."
Just as important as the aircraft are the new or enhanced instruments designed to gather critical wind, temperature, humidity, and aerosol measurements in the environment surrounding the storm and the rain and wind patterns occurring inside their inner cores, they added. "The instruments bring it all together," Newman said. "We didn't have these instruments 10 years ago."
The Global Hawk currently on deployment at Wallops is known as the "environmental" aircraft because it samples the environment in which hurricanes are embedded. It carries three instruments.
A Goddard-provided laser system called the Cloud Physics Lidar (CPL) is located in the nose. CPL measures cloud structures and aerosols, such as dust, sea salt particles, and smoke particles, by bouncing laser light off these elements. An infrared instrument called the Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS), provided by the University of Wisconsin in Madison, sits in the belly of the aircraft. It measures the vertical profile of temperature and water vapor.
At the tail end is a dropsonde system provided by the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This system consists of 88 paper-towel-roll-sized tubes that are ejected much like a soda can in a vending machine. As the sensor drops, a parachute slows its descent, allowing the sensor to drift down through the storm while measuring winds, temperature, pressure, and humidity.
In 2013 and 2014, working in tandem with its environmental counterpart, will be a second Global Hawk, known as the "over-storm" aircraft. It will sample the internal structure of hurricanes. It, too, will carry three instruments.
Heymsfield's HIWRAP, for example, will be situated in the belly of the Global Hawk and will be responsible for sampling the cores of hurricanes. Similar to a ground radar system, but pointed downward, HIWRAP measures rain structure and winds, providing a three-dimensional view of these conditions.
Also onboard this craft will be a microwave system called the High-Altitude MMIC Sounding Radiometer (HAMSR), created by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. Located in the aircraft's nose, this instrument uses microwave wavelengths to measure temperature, water vapor, and precipitation from the top of the storm to the surface.
At the other end of the aircraft in the tail section will be the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) provided by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. This microwave instrument measures surface wind speeds and rain rates in an unusual way. It collects this data by measuring the amount of "foaminess" in ocean waters. According to Newman, the amount of foaminess is proportional to wind speeds at the surface.
Although all six instruments measure different conditions, they share one important characteristic: all operate autonomously and deliver data to scientists in real-time another scientific advance. In the past, aircraft instruments, which often required the presence of a scientist to operate them, would record captured data. Only after the aircraft landed could scientists begin evaluating what they had collected.
With the Global Hawk, however, the data are transmitted to the ground in real-time. Should conditions warrant, the science team can direct the pilot, who flies the aircraft from a computer console on the ground, to change course or tweak the pre-programmed flight path in some way to maximize or improve the data they are gathering. "With the Global Hawk and these instruments, we can make better decisions," Heymsfield added.
The five-year mission will continue through 2014, at which time the team hopes to have dramatically improved their understanding of how storms intensify. "The insights we get will benefit forecasters," Newman said. "What we hope to do is take this technique and make it part of the operational forecast infrastructure."
The HS3 mission is supported by several NASA facilities including Wallops, Goddard, NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.; Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.; and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. In addition, the mission also involves collaborations with various partners from government agencies and academia.
HS3 is an Earth Venture mission funded by NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. Earth Venture missions are managed by NASA's Earth System Science Pathfinder Program at NASA's Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. The HS3 Project itself is managed by the Earth Science Project Office at NASA's Ames Research Center.
###
For more information about the NASA GRIP mission, visit:
www.nasa.gov/grip
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Cutting-edge technology makes NASA's hurricane mission a realityPublic release date: 25-Sep-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Rob Gutro robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov 443-858-1779 NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Cutting-edge NASA technology has made this year's NASA Hurricane mission a reality. NASA and other scientists are currently flying a suite of state-of-the-art, autonomously operated instruments that are gathering difficult-to-obtain measurements of wind speeds, precipitation, and cloud structures in and around tropical storms.
"Making these measurements possible is the platform on which the instruments are flying," said Paul Newman, the deputy principal investigator of NASA's Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3), managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. HS3 will use NASA's unmanned Global Hawks, which are capable of flying at altitudes greater than 60,000 feet with flight durations of up to 28 hours capabilities that increase the amount of data scientists can collect. "It's a brand-new way to do science," Newman said.
The month-long HS3 mission, which began in early September, is actually a more robust follow-on to NASA's Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes (GRIP) experiment that scientists executed in 2010. Often referred to as "GRIP on steroids," HS3 is currently deploying one instrument-laden Global Hawk from the NASA Wallops Flight Facility on Virginia's Eastern Shore to look at the environment of tropical storms. In 2013 and 2014, a second Global Hawk will be added that will focus on getting detailed measurements of the inner core of hurricanes.
Without this new aircraft, developed originally for the U.S. Air Force to gather intelligence and surveillance data, the team says the mission wouldn't be possible.
The Global Hawk's ability to fly for a much longer period of time than manned aircraft will allow it to obtain previously difficult-to-get data. Scientists hope to use that data to gain new insights into how tropical storms form, and more importantly, how they intensify into major Atlantic hurricanes information that forecasters need to make better storm predictions, save lives, and ultimately prevent costly coastal evacuations if a storm doesn't warrant them.
"Because you can get to Africa from Wallops, we'll be able to study developing systems way out into the Atlantic," Newman explained. "Normal planes, which can fly for no more than about 10 hours, often miss the points where storms intensify," added Gerry Heymsfield, a Goddard scientist who used NASA Research and Development funding to create one of the mission's six instruments, the High-altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP). "With the Global Hawks, we have a much higher chance of capturing these events. Furthermore, we can sit on targets for a long time."
Just as important as the aircraft are the new or enhanced instruments designed to gather critical wind, temperature, humidity, and aerosol measurements in the environment surrounding the storm and the rain and wind patterns occurring inside their inner cores, they added. "The instruments bring it all together," Newman said. "We didn't have these instruments 10 years ago."
The Global Hawk currently on deployment at Wallops is known as the "environmental" aircraft because it samples the environment in which hurricanes are embedded. It carries three instruments.
A Goddard-provided laser system called the Cloud Physics Lidar (CPL) is located in the nose. CPL measures cloud structures and aerosols, such as dust, sea salt particles, and smoke particles, by bouncing laser light off these elements. An infrared instrument called the Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS), provided by the University of Wisconsin in Madison, sits in the belly of the aircraft. It measures the vertical profile of temperature and water vapor.
At the tail end is a dropsonde system provided by the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This system consists of 88 paper-towel-roll-sized tubes that are ejected much like a soda can in a vending machine. As the sensor drops, a parachute slows its descent, allowing the sensor to drift down through the storm while measuring winds, temperature, pressure, and humidity.
In 2013 and 2014, working in tandem with its environmental counterpart, will be a second Global Hawk, known as the "over-storm" aircraft. It will sample the internal structure of hurricanes. It, too, will carry three instruments.
Heymsfield's HIWRAP, for example, will be situated in the belly of the Global Hawk and will be responsible for sampling the cores of hurricanes. Similar to a ground radar system, but pointed downward, HIWRAP measures rain structure and winds, providing a three-dimensional view of these conditions.
Also onboard this craft will be a microwave system called the High-Altitude MMIC Sounding Radiometer (HAMSR), created by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. Located in the aircraft's nose, this instrument uses microwave wavelengths to measure temperature, water vapor, and precipitation from the top of the storm to the surface.
At the other end of the aircraft in the tail section will be the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) provided by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. This microwave instrument measures surface wind speeds and rain rates in an unusual way. It collects this data by measuring the amount of "foaminess" in ocean waters. According to Newman, the amount of foaminess is proportional to wind speeds at the surface.
Although all six instruments measure different conditions, they share one important characteristic: all operate autonomously and deliver data to scientists in real-time another scientific advance. In the past, aircraft instruments, which often required the presence of a scientist to operate them, would record captured data. Only after the aircraft landed could scientists begin evaluating what they had collected.
With the Global Hawk, however, the data are transmitted to the ground in real-time. Should conditions warrant, the science team can direct the pilot, who flies the aircraft from a computer console on the ground, to change course or tweak the pre-programmed flight path in some way to maximize or improve the data they are gathering. "With the Global Hawk and these instruments, we can make better decisions," Heymsfield added.
The five-year mission will continue through 2014, at which time the team hopes to have dramatically improved their understanding of how storms intensify. "The insights we get will benefit forecasters," Newman said. "What we hope to do is take this technique and make it part of the operational forecast infrastructure."
The HS3 mission is supported by several NASA facilities including Wallops, Goddard, NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.; Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.; and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. In addition, the mission also involves collaborations with various partners from government agencies and academia.
HS3 is an Earth Venture mission funded by NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. Earth Venture missions are managed by NASA's Earth System Science Pathfinder Program at NASA's Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. The HS3 Project itself is managed by the Earth Science Project Office at NASA's Ames Research Center.
###
For more information about the NASA GRIP mission, visit:
www.nasa.gov/grip
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
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JACKSONVILLE, Fla. ? Men who undergo surgical removal of prostate cancer can experience significant levels of anxiety one year after surgery, and higher levels of anxiety appear to be linked to poor sexual satisfaction and depression, say researchers at Mayo Clinic's campus in Florida. Their recent study, published in the online edition of Psycho-Oncology, suggests that men who experience high levels of "cancer-specific anxiety" following surgery for prostate cancer could likely benefit from counseling designed to address their worries and improve their quality of life.
"The 10-year survival for a man undergoing surgery to remove localized prostate cancer is greater than 95 percent. Given that the majority of men who undergo prostatectomy for prostate cancer will not die from their disease, we are concerned about what life will be like for these patients decades after diagnosis and treatment," says the study's senior investigator, Alexander Parker, Ph.D., an associate professor of epidemiology and urology.
While prostate cancer can be a life threatening disease, most men diagnosed with prostate cancer do not die from it. According to the American Cancer Society, more than 2.5 million men in the United States who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer are still alive.
"The odds of surviving for long periods of time following surgery for prostate cancer are very high," says surgeon and co-author Gregory Broderick, M.D., a professor of urology. "That means a lot of men are living as prostate cancer survivors and we at Mayo Clinic are committed to understanding factors that affect their quality of life, not just their quantity of life."
Dr. Broderick presented these results at the joint meeting of the Sexual Medicine Society of North America and the International Society for Sexual Medicine this summer in Chicago.
Data from studies in patients with other cancer types have shown that anxiety can significantly affect an individual's quality of life. "Our study is the first to specifically show that those men with higher cancer-specific anxiety one year after surgery for prostate cancer are more likely to report lower levels of satisfaction with their sex life and higher levels of depressive symptoms," Dr. Parker says. In their study, the Mayo Clinic researchers examined findings on 365 men who, one year after undergoing surgery for prostate cancer, completed a questionnaire designed to measure anxiety levels about the fact they have been diagnosed and treated for prostate cancer. The men also completed additional questionnaires to measure levels of erectile function, sexual satisfaction and depression.
The results showed that those men who reported high anxiety levels are more likely to report low sexual satisfaction and a high rate of depression symptoms. "What is interesting from the sexual health standpoint is we observed that anxiety was not linked to poor erectile function per se but was linked to low levels of sexual satisfaction," Dr. Parker says. "If our results can be confirmed by other investigators, it would suggest that anxiety is not affecting some men's ability to perform sexually but perhaps more their ability to enjoy their sex life."
While Dr. Parker and his colleagues observed that anxiety was generally higher in those men who had the more aggressive forms of prostate cancer based on their pathology reports after surgery, a number of men with nonaggressive cancer also reported very high levels of anxiety. "Among this specific subgroup of men with prostate cancer who have less aggressive disease we are talking about survival rates of nearly 100 percent, yet they think about cancer every day. This presents a great opportunity for identifying these men and offering intervention aimed at modifying this anxious behavior," Dr. Parker says.
Mayo Clinic already offers cancer patients access to behavior-based counseling led by trained psycho-oncologists. Dr. Parker says the results of this new study underscore the opportunity to test new ways of addressing this need in men with prostate cancer.
"Anxiety about a cancer diagnosis can lead to increased depressive symptoms and an inability to enjoy life's activities, including sexual relations," says Dr. Parker. "We are building on these results by designing trials to test whether counseling can help these patients."
The study was funded in part by a grant from the Sexual Medicine Society of North America.
###
About Mayo Clinic
Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit worldwide leader in medical care, research and education for people from all walks of life. For more information, visit MayoClinic.com or MayoClinic.org/news.
WASHINGTON (AP) ? Recognizing this year's elections are just a few weeks away, a panel of three federal judges questioned on Monday whether South Carolina should wait until 2014 to put its voter identification law into effect.
The judges raised the question as an attorney for South Carolina delivered closing arguments in the trial over whether the state's law discriminates against minorities. Last December, the Justice Department refused to "preclear" ? find it complies with the Voting Rights Act ? the law so it could go into effect.
A decision in the case is expected in early October.
Voter ID laws have become a point of contention in this year's elections, particularly with the close race between President Barack Obama, a Democrat, and Republican nominee Mitt Romney. Democrats contend the laws could prevent key constituencies from voting, making a difference in tight races.
The laws' opponents see them as a Republican response to 2008's record turnout of African-American and Hispanic voters. Supporters have pitched the laws as tools against voter fraud and to build confidence in the election system.
The U.S. Supreme Court struck down Texas' voter ID law but has upheld laws in Georgia and Indiana. State courts in Wisconsin and Pennsylvania have blocked those states' voter ID laws for now. The Justice Department cleared New Hampshire's voter ID law earlier this year.
South Carolina's law requires voters to show a driver's license or other photo identification issued by the Motor Vehicles Department, a passport, military photo identification or a voter registration card with a photo on it.
Asking questions from the bench, the judges pointed out that if they allow South Carolina to implement the law voters would not have much time before the Nov. 6 elections to get required ID.
"Are you urging us to preclear for 2012?" asked John Bates, U.S. District Court Judge for the District of Columbia.
Christopher Bartomolucci, the attorney for South Carolina, said the state wants approval for 2012 as well as future elections. He explained the state's law allows people to claim they were unable to get the required ID because of a "reasonable impediment." People unable to do so because there is not enough time before election day would be able to make that claim, he said.
"Everybody's got a pass for this election," Bartomolucci said.
But that provision also raised questions.
Judges agreed that the provision made South Carolina's law less troublesome and is the only reason the law would work for this year's election.
But they expressed some skepticism about the process for voters without required ID. Those voters will be asked at the polls whether they had a reasonable impediment beyond their control that kept them from getting the ID.
If they answer yes, they can fill out an affidavit stating the reason and have the affidavit notarized. The state has said it will make notaries available at all of its polling places and they will not be allowed to charge fees for the service. They then will be allowed to cast a provisional ballot.
The law requires voters who cast provisional ballots to bring any of the required ID to the county election office before the vote is certified for their vote to count. But the state said in trial testimony that poll workers would err on the side of voters and count the provisional vote unless the county had grounds to believe false information was given. The county election official also said poll managers would sign affidavits if notaries were not available, even though that would violate the law.
Judges said the South Carolina law had evolved since it was passed, but opponents said it was being fixed. They argued that there is no guarantee votes wouldn't be challenged later by partisan poll watchers and the law would end up in state court.
Garrard Beeney, attorney for civil rights and advocacy groups opposing the law, pointed out to judges Monday that the manual for notaries requires them to request the same ID that the state requires to vote. It also allows them to refuse to notarize a document if the person is drunk, under the influence of drugs, doesn't understand the process and other reasons. Beeney said that created a two-tier voting system.
In addition, those using the "reasonable impediment" provision will vote on provisional ballots and will have to appear at a hearing later if their ballot is challenged. Beeney said the law leaves too much discretion to county boards to decide whether to count the vote and adds the burden of requiring some voters, who are likely to be mostly African American, to get to the hearing to find out if their vote is counted.
Judge Brett M. Kavanaugh of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit asked the state to respond to that argument. He said the process would create one line that would be disproportionately African American because data showed that African Americans were more likely to lack the required ID and will be more likely to be asked if they had a reasonable impediment to getting it.
"The pool of people being asked, we know, is going to be disproportionately African American," Bates said.
The third judge on the special panel for voting rights cases is Colleen Kollar-Kotelly, also of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. She was appointed by former President Bill Clinton. Bates and Kavanaugh were appointed by former President George W. Bush.
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The case is 12-203
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Follow Suzanne Gamboa at http://www.twitter.com/APsgamboa
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Public release date: 25-Sep-2012
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